• You can die as easily from sleep deprivation as lack of food or water.
  • Promotes physical, emotional, cognitive health
  • Lack of sleep effects immune system
  • Needed for growth
  • Repairing tissue
  • Recharging emotionally
  • Brains more active at night, particularly in REM, than in daytime
  • Puppies need 18-20 hours sleep
  • Adult dogs 12-14 hours sleep
  • Large breed nap more often that small breeds (depending on what the breed’s job was)
  • Deeper sleep between 21:00-06:00
  • Sleep 80% of the night
  • Polyphasic – more sleep cycles
  • Crepuscular – active at dawn and dusk
  • Cycles
    • Same as humans, but at different times, shorter and more of them
    • Always more alert
    • N1 > N2 > N3 > REM
    • N2 – linked to memory and learning consolidation
    • N3 – healing, repair, difficult to wake up from
    • REM – emotions
    • Humans 25% of cycle in REM, dogs only about 10%
  • Dream
    • Yes
    • In N and REM stages
    • Pons – paralyses big muscles to stop us acting out dreams
  • Sleep deprivation
    • Poor decisions
    • Protein builds in brain, linked to alzheimer’s
    • Grumpy
    • Poor health
    • Lack of growth
  • Effects sleep
    • Stress
    • Sight loss – effects internal clock
    • 24hr body clock – different for different people – night owl/early bird – changes with age
    • Physical activity
  • Sleep disorders
    • Narcolepsy – most often in puppies
    • Sleep apnoea
    • Insomnia
    • Canine cognitive dysfunction
    • Epilepsy
  • Aggression if woken
    • REM behaviour disorder
    • Excessive startle response
    • Fear/anxiety
    • Memory trigger
    • Low blood sugar
  • Positions
    • Totally relaxed
    • Side rest – napping, relaxed
    • Under blankets – fearful?  breed? cold?
    • Companionably – touching something living – like company – heat regulation
    • Sentry duty – high traffic area
    • Curled up – anxious? cold?
    • Heat conserving – covers nose
    • Need to hold something – puppy habit? breed?  comfort?
    • Small spaces – heat? anxiety?
    • Tongue out – deep relaxation, cooling, aids breathing, hanging tongue syndrome
  • Beds
    • Need to be able to lie flat – start out curled up then like to lie flat
    • Memory foam?
    • Pillows
    • Material – static shock?
    • Placement –
      • Out of drafts
      • Quiet. traffic free, not isolated from family
      • Away from direct sunlight/radiators
      • Away from windows (distractions)
      • Dark
      • Choices
      • Safe
  • Puppies first night
    • Has breeder given pups short periods of stress from being away from mum and litter?
    • Probably during a fear period
    • Lost safety and security
    • Can’t regulate body temp
    • Forced time alone can cause SA
    • If wild, wouldn’t have left mum yet
    • Company – survival instinct
    • First few months important for bonding
    • By 3-4 months puppies should be able to sleep through the night
    • Bladder control
      • 6-14 weeks – 8-10 times a day
      • 14-20 weeks – 6-8 times daily
      • 20-30 weeks – 4-6 times daily
      • 30+ weeks – 3-4 times daily
    • Week out of sleeping with you after a few months
    • Alone training when you can return and monitor
    • Don’t rush
  • Adolescents – lack of sleep
    • Check mental and physical stimulation and times
    • Lack of company in the day?
    • Arousal
  • Elderly
    • More often and longer periods
    • May need different bedding
    • Might not be able to get upstairs
    • Bladder control
    • Health issues interrupt sleep
    • CCD
    • Check nothing is keeping them awake
  • What effects sleep
    • Health
      • Pain
      • Sleep disorders
      • CCD
      • Allergies
      • Food intolerances
      • Epilepsy
      • Hyperactivity
    • Environment
      • Cold
      • Light
      • Noise
      • Weather
      • Wildlife
      • Discomfort
    • Stress
      • Vocalising
      • Processing negative feelings from the day
      • SA
    • Us
      • Not enough human interaction during the day
      • Arousal/conflict with family member
      • Our insomnia
      • Neighbours’ noise
      • External noises – white noise machine?
    • Natural cycles
      • Puppies/elderly needing toilet
      • Crepuscular
      • Expecting food/exercise
      • Anticipation of set routine
      • Hungry – adolescent on low carb diet – slow release carbs late at night?
    • Things to help
      • Bed time routine
      • Check food and carbs
      • Change location
      • Get up to the dog
      • PJs if cold
      • Calming products
      • Music/white noise
      • Blings/curtains
      • Ttouch and body wraps